|
The European Touring Car Championship was an international touring car racing series organised by the FIA. It had two incarnations, the first one between 1963 and 1988, and the second between 2000 and 2004. In 2005 it was superseded by the World Touring Car Championship, and a single-race European Touring Car Cup has been held since then. == ETCC (1963–88) == The European Touring Car Challenge, as it was originally known,〔(Part 1: 1963-1967 The early years ) Retrieved from homepage.mac.com/frank_de_jong on 10 August 2009〕 was started in 1963 by Willy Stenger, who created the series at the behest of the FIA. Cars competed under FIA Group 2〔 Improved Touring Car regulations〔(1965 FIA Appendix J - Art. 252 - Categories & Groups of Vehicles ) Retrieved from www.fia.com on 10 August 2009〕 which allowed a variety of touring cars of different sizes and engine displacements to race together, from the small Fiat 600 and Mini to the large Jaguar Mark 2 and Mercedes-Benz 300SE In 1963 races and hillclimbing events at Nürburgring, Mont Ventoux, Brands Hatch, Mallory Park, Zolder, Zandvoort, Timmelsjoch and even in the Népliget (People's Park) in Budapest counted towards the ETCC, which was won by German Peter Nöcker and his Jaguar. In 1968, the regulations were changed to allow Group 5 cars to participate,〔(Part 2: 1968-1969 Group 5 years ) Retrieved from homepage.mac.com/frank_de_jong on 10 August 2009〕 however these highly modified Special Touring Cars〔(1969 FIA Appendix J - Art. 251 - Categories & groups ) Retrieved from www.fia.com on 10 August 2009〕 would only be eligible for two years. In 1970 the series name was changed from European Touring Car Challenge to European Touring Car Championship.〔(ETCC race results & images – 1967 to 1988, www.racingsportscars.com ) Retrieved on 10 August 2009〕〔(1969 European Touring Car Challenge, touringcarracing.net ) Retrieved on 15 May 2014〕〔(1970 European Touring Car Championship, touringcarracing.net ) Retrieved on 15 May 2014〕 Group 2 again became the principle category 〔(Results of Round 1, 1970 ETCC - Ruleset: Group 2/70 ) Retrieved from homepage.mac.com/frank_de_jong on 10 August 2009〕 although Group 2 regulations were now much more liberal in nature than the old Group 2.〔(Part 3: 1970-1975 The Ford and BMW years ) Retrieved from homepage.mac.com/frank_de_jong on 10 August 2009〕 Following the 1973 oil crisis the next two seasons had few entrants. It was only in 1977 that the situation was normalised with the return of factory teams. Rules allowed Group 2 and Group 1B "National" cars to compete together, with BMW 3.0 Coupé CSL and Capri RS remaining the most competitive entries. In 1982, the FIA replaced Groups 1 and 2 with Group N and Group A. The first one was mainly ignored by the ETCC entrants, all cars going the Group A route. BMW and Alfa Romeo prepared regular touring cars for the championship, but it was the big-engined Tom Walkinshaw Racing prepared Jaguar XJS and Rover 3500 Vitesse that would be more competitive in the years to come, fighting against the turbocharged Volvo 240 and Ford Sierra Cosworth. The championship was cancelled after the end of the 1988 season, due to escalating costs (a one-off World Touring Car Championship in 1987 also exarcebated the problem). By then, the FIA had allowed "Evolution" models to be homologated, and it was special cars such as the BMW M3 Evo and Ford Sierra RS500 that dominated the grids. The Macau Grand Prix's Guia Race, the Spa 24 Hours and the 24 Hours Nürburgring were the only international touring car races during those years. With the success and popularity of Supertouring in many national championships, the FIA organised the one-round Super Touring World Cup for these cars, between 1993 and 1995. In 1996, the FIA promoted the DTM, which already had races outside Germany in its calendar, to International Touringcar Championship (ITC), but once more escalating costs ended the series after two seasons. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「European Touring Car Championship」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|